2020年高考真题 英语 (全国新课标卷I)
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材料选择题 本大题共3小题,每小题2.5分,共7.5分。阅读材料,完成下列小题。
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题型:简答题
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分值: 7.5分

C

As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line (装配线) on September 27,1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.

Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.

In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with" a chicken in every pot and a car in ever

garage." Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.

The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In

America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.

The problems of excessive (过度的) energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.

Friedman points out that the green economy (经济) is a chance to keep American strength. "The ability to design. build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”

28.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?

ATo explain Americans' love for travelling by car

BTo show the influence of cars on American culture.

CTo stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.

DTo praise the effectiveness of America's road system.

29. What has the use of cars in America led to?

ADecline of economy.

BEnvironmental problems.

CA shortage of oil supply.

DA farm-based society.

30. What is Friedman's attitude towards America's future?

AAmbiguous.

BDoubtful.

CHopeful.

DTolerant.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B
第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B
第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C
材料选择题 本大题共3小题,每小题2.5分,共7.5分。阅读材料,完成下列小题。
1
题型:简答题
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分值: 7.5分

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719-but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like "By a lady." Novels, for the most part. were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.

In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂 ) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.

How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 137 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It' s partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it's also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.

21.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?

AThey were difficult to understand.

BThey were popular among the rich.

CThey were seen as nearly worthless

DThey were written mostly by women.

22.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress .

Ahis reputation in France

Bhis interest in modern art

Chis success in publication

Dhis importance in literature

23.What is the author's purpose in writing the text?

ATo remember a great writer.

BTo introduce an English novel.

CTo encourage studies on culture

DTo promote values of the Victorian age.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C
第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D
第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A
材料选择题 本大题共4小题,每小题2.5分,共10分。阅读材料,完成下列小题。
1
题型:简答题
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分值: 10分

B

Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台) The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds. plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase

paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don't dispute (质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

24.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?

AHelp increase grocery sales.

BRecycle the waste material.

CStop things falling off trucks.

DArgue for the use of plastic bags

25. What does the word "headwinds" in paragraph refer to?

ABans on plastic bags.

BEffects of city development.

CHeadaches caused by garbage.

DPlastic bags hung in trees.

26.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?

AThey are quite expensive.

BReplacing them can be difficult.

CThey are less strong than plastic bags.

DProducing them requires more energy

27. What is the best title for the text?

APlastic, Paper or Neither

BIndustry, Pollution and Environment

CRecycle or Throw Away

DGarbage Collection and Waste Control

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D
第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A
第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D
第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A
简答题(综合题) 本大题共55分。简答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
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题型:简答题
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分值: 30分

37.第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题1.5 分,满分 30 分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

We have all heard how time is more valuable than money,but is it  36   to have too much? I  37  back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also  38   a team sport. By the time I got home,I only had a few hours to do my homework and I had to do it 39

When I got into college,things 40 .I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time Because of all this41there was no sense of42to do my school work immediately.I was performing this action of waiting until it later became   43  .Once that happened,I just kept_ 44  my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was_45  really late at night to get my work alone.

One day I 46_a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was  48 ,I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time.He said without the job,he would 49 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50  .He said that if he 51  the job,he would lose his 52  to work and succeed.

So,try 53  your tine with other work. This is why there is a 54  that if you wan something done, ask a 55  person to do it .

36.A.tue             B.fair     C.strange            D.possible

37.A.remember      B.admit    C. understand        D.expect

38.A.watched       B.loved.    C. Coached          D.played

39.A.al last          B.right away  C. of course        D.mattered

40.A.happend       B.repeated  C,changed           D.mattered

41.A.extra           B.difficult.  C. valuable         D.limitted

42.A.duty          B.achievement  C. urgency         D.direction

43.A.burden         B.relief       C .risk             D.habit

44.A.pushing       B.taking      C .setting           D.callling

45.A.hanging out     B.stayingup C.jogging round        D.showing off

46.A.met           B.helped    C .trated              D.hired

47.A.raising        B.wasting   C. demanding          D.making

48.A. safe         B.important  C. boring            D.rewarding

49.A. luckily      B.hardly     C. hopefully           D.simply

50.A.childhood     B.college    C. town               D.business

51.A.quit         B.found     C accepted             D.kept

52.A heat         B.chance   C.drive                D.way

53.A.saving        B.fillingup  C.giving up            D.trading

54A.message       B.story    C. saying               D.fact

55.A.careful       B.busy    C .reliable              D.kind

 



正确答案

36-40 DADBC 41-45ACDAB 46-50ADCDB 51-55ACBCB

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题型:简答题
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分值: 10分

31.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should    31

Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.    32

By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will helpto improve the look and feel of the area.

Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. Whengoing for a walk. Take a small garbage.   33     This small act will let your neighbors know thatyou care about the area.

     34    Ifa neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. Ifa neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them knowyou are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting theprivacy of your neighbor.

     35    Byfollowing the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs toyou, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, youwill quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.

A.In general, keepan eye on their property while they are gone.

B. A good neighbor is also one wholikes to help out in small ways.

C. Being a good neighbor is more or less aboutconsiderate behavior.

D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket togetherto do shopping.

E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passingcar, pick it up.

F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in theirstreet fresh and inviting.

G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyonein the neighborhood quickly.



正确答案

31-35 GFEBC
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题型:简答题
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分值: 15分

56.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

 Few people I know seem to have muchdesire or time to cook. Making Chinese  56  (dish)is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners  57  cometo China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize howcheap  58   can be to eat out. I still remember 59   (visit) a friend who’d lived here for fiveyears and I  60  (shock) when I learnt she hadn’tcooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to  61(become) common formany young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one ismoney; eating out once or twice a week may be  62  (afford)but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even  63 (high)cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link betweenthe increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in  64  (weigh) problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next timeyou go to your mum’s home 65  dinner, get a few cookingtips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice theeffects not only on your health but in your pocket.

正确答案

56. dishes    57. who/that    58. it    59. visiting    60. was shocked    61. have become    62. affordable    63. higher    64. weight    65. for

书面表达 本大题共15分。
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题型:简答题
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分值: 15分

66.第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分)

假定你是李华,你校英语协会招聘志愿者,接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘,内容包括∶

1. 口语能力;

2.相关经验;

3.应聘目的。

注意∶

1.词数 80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。



正确答案

书面表达 本大题共25分。
1
题型:简答题
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分值: 25分

67.第二节读后续写(满分 25 分)

阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat meto a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the WildWest.

We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. Wereached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, pickedus up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.

His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan andKyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listeningto the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in themorning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on myfarm,” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens,while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze. I wasimpressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.

In the afternoon, I asked U ncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he saidyes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride bymyself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses,and headed slowly towards the mountains. “Don’t be late for supper,” Uncle Paulcried, “and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” “OK!” my dad criedback. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was sopeaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pinetrees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked likea beautiful woven blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.

注意∶

1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右;

2.至少使用 5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;

3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

正确答案

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