2016年高考真题 英语 (上海卷)
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语法填空 本大题共8小题,每小题1分,共8分。把答案填写在题中横线上。
1
题型:简答题
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分值: 8分

(A)

(Bags) of Love

Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries. After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something. (25)___ ____(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)___ ____ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)____ __ she distributed it to children.

I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)__ ___(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)____ _(buy) the groceries if I found out?

When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_ ____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)__ ____ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)___ __ selfless she was.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

Wondering

解析

wondering,想知道,非谓语动词。

考查方向

本题考查了非谓语动词的用法。

解题思路

根据“______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks”,句子已有谓语动词consume,所以wonder作为非谓语动词用-ing形式。

易错点

wonder作为非谓语动词的用法错误。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

what

解析

what,名词性成份,what happened...所发生的。

考查方向

本题考查了名词性从句的用法。

解题思路

根据“ Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me”,句子缺名词性成份。

易错点

what作为名词性从句的用法错误。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

which

解析

which, in which=where。

考查方向

本题考查了非限定性定语从句的用法。

解题思路

根据“ She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children ”,句子缺成份。

易错点

whinch作为非限定性定语从句的用法错误。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

had done

解析

had done,已经做。

考查方向

本题考查了过去完成时的用法。

解题思路

根据“shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do) ”,whould提示是过去式,她已经做的事发生在告诉我之前。

易错点

过去完成时的用法错误。

第(5)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

buying

解析

buying, stop buying,停止买。

考查方向

本题考查了过去完成时的用法。

解题思路

根据“Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out”,stop doing sth。

易错点

stop doing sth.和stop to do的用法容易混淆。

第(6)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

Before

解析

before,在。。。之前。

考查方向

本题考查了时间状语从句的用法。

解题思路

根据“(30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret ”,还没等她反应过来,我就。。。

易错点

before引导状语从句的用法容易错误。

第(7)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

from

解析

from, keep it a secret from me,对我保密。

考查方向

本题考查了keep sth. from的用法。

解题思路

根据“ keep it a secret (31)______ me.”,对我保密的意思。

易错点

keep sth. from的用法容易错误。

第(8)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

how

解析

how, how selfless she was,她如此的无私。

考查方向

本题考查了how+adj+sb.+v的用法。

解题思路

根据“I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was ”,我被她的无私打动。

易错点

how+adj+sb.+v的用法容易错误。

语法填空 本大题共8小题,每小题1分,共8分。把答案填写在题中横线上。
1
题型:简答题
|
分值: 8分

(B)

Stress: Good or Bad?

Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.

In recent years, stress(33)__ ____(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)__ ____ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)__ ___(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_ ______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)__ ____, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) __ ___(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)_ _____(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.

To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_____ __ (get )ill.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

has been regarded

解析

has been regarded,被视为。

考查方向

本题考查了现在完成时的用法。

解题思路

根据“ In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems ”,In recent years提示要用现在完成时。

易错点

regard用在现在完成时的用法容易错误。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

that

解析

that,正是过大的压力伤人。

考查方向

本题考查了强调句型的用法。

解题思路

根据“ it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm ”,It is+被强调部分+that+原句剩余部分。

易错点

没找到提示句。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

better

解析

better, good的比较级。

考查方向

本题考查了 “越...越好”的用法。

解题思路

根据“ the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be ”,压力越大,表现更好。

易错点

不知道good的比较级是什么。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

a

解析

a, a number of, 大量。

考查方向

本题考查了词组a number of的用法。

解题思路

根据“ by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions ”,(通过)问自己很多问题。

易错点

a number of词组用法不了解。

第(5)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

you

解析

you, is being expected of you,表示你被期望...。

考查方向

本题考查了现在被动进行时的用法。

解题思路

根据“Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no ”,你被寄予过多期望,无法拒绝。

易错点

现在被动进行时用法不了解。

第(6)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

annoyed

解析

annoyed, get annoyed of,对...恼火。

考查方向

本题考查了get annoyed of的用法。

解题思路

根据“Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things ”,你是否毫无耐心的对不重要的事生气。

易错点

annoyed和annoying用法混淆。

第(7)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

control

解析

control, you’d better do sth.。

考查方向

本题考查了you’d better do sth.的用法。

解题思路

根据“you had better(39)______(control ) your stress”,你最好控制一下你的压力。

易错点

对you’d better do sth.后的接续不清楚。

第(8)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

to get

解析

to get, be likely to do sth..。

考查方向

本题考查了be likely to do sth.的用法。

解题思路

根据“you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill”,你生病的可能性会是(别人的)两倍。

易错点

对be likely to do后的接续不清楚。

语法填空 本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分。把答案填写在题中横线上。
1
题型:简答题
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分值: 15分

()Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively _ work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.

In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 _ , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 _ , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 _ without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.

Different cultures have different ways of 55 _ people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 _ to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 _ . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 _ managers cannot.

A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 _ managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 _ the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 _ with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 _ been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 _ that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.

Another trend is off-site or 64 _ management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 _

of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

dislike,不喜欢;故选项D正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it” 可知,原理X是人们直觉反应会不喜欢的工作,会尽可能避免的事。

易错点

对文章不理解。avoid,避免。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

contrary,相反的;故选项A正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X.” 可知,尽管很多例子是反面的,但很多管理者仍然赞同原理X.

易错点

despite,尽管,提示前后是转折关系。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

for example,比如;故选项B正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively,” 可知,尽管很多例子是反面的,但很多管理者仍然赞同原理X,而且他们认为,比如,员工如果要更有效率的工作需要得到及时的管理。

易错点

前后文是承接关系。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

从后面的authoritarian managers可知;故选项D正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers” 可知,决策必须由上级定无商量,当然,这个是对于专制的管理者来说的。

易错点

above,上级。

第(5)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

从后面的authoritarian managers提示可知;故选项C正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management” 可知,不同的文化产生不同的管理方式,与专制管理不同的是...

易错点

前后两句都是围绕管理来讲的。

第(6)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

根据前文,选contribute最合适;故选项B正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process” 可知,在亚洲,最喜欢征求意见的管理特性,部门的或者工作团队的所有成员都要被征求意见。

易错点

contribute to做贡献。

第(7)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

根据前文,选agreement最合适;故选项A正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 ” 可知,很多西方公司曾模仿亚洲的管理做法,也就是采纳综合的意见。

易错点

general agreement,普遍同意(该意见,决议等)。

第(8)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

根据前文,选male最合适;故选项D正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“ Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.” 可知,一些专家说女性比男性做管理会更有效率,因为她们更有能力达到目标,而古代的女性管理者则做不到。

易错点

male,女性的。前后两句是围绕女性来说的

第(9)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

without asking,不用问;故选项A正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first ” 可知,最近有一个趋势鼓励员工发挥他们的主动性,自己做决策而不用首先问管理者。

易错点

注意关键词,make decisions on their own.

第(10)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

根据前文,选reducing最合适;故选项C正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies” 可知,为裁员,减少公司管理层的人数。

易错点

downsize,裁员。对词义不清楚

第(11)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

根据前文,选left 最合适;故选项B正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.” 可知,裁员后,一个公司只留下高层管理者,前线管理者和直接与群众联系的员工。

易错点

left with,留下来。对词义不清楚

第(12)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

根据前文,选traditionally 最合适;故选项B正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case” 可知,与传统的不同,授权委托现在用的更多。

易错点

traditionally,传统的。

第(13)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

根据前文,选ensure 最合适;故选项D正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed,” 可知,授权委托是管理的新形式,可以确保所有计划都得到遵循。

易错点

ensure,确保。

第(14)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

根据从句的关键词email, internet;故选项A正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses” 可知,另一个趋势是不做班或者虚拟管理,人们用email和Internet联系。

易错点

virtual,虚拟的。

第(15)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

根据从句的关键句,what they produce for projects, spend on them,这些都是业绩的描述;故选项C正确。

考查方向

本题考查了文章的连贯性和一致性。

解题思路

本题考查文章一致性,根据下文的“Project managers evaluate the 65

of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them” 可知,项目经理根据成员生产的产品来评价业绩,而不是他们花的时间。

易错点

performance,业绩。

补全信息 本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分。把答案填写在题中横线上。
1
题型: 多选题
|
分值: 10分

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 _  the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42 _

More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 _  design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 _  with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 _  such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 _ . For example, think of a(n) 47 _ desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 _  light where it is needed.

From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 _ the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 _ the toothpaste onto our brush.

H. intended

I. operated

J. soulless

K. squeeze

Aaccount

Badjustable

Cappliances

Dcapture

Edecorations

Fdirect

Gexperiment

 intended  

 operated 

soulless  

 squeeze

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,在过去的几年,设计师和艺术家都试图找到好的设计的精华所在。故选项D正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design”可知,capture the essentials。

易错点

essentials,精华。对词义的把握。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

E

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,avoid unnecessary decoration, decoration,装饰。故选项E正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“Less is more”和“ Design should avoid unnecessary 42 ”可知,应该避免不必要的装饰,decoration。

易错点

Less is more,简单是最好的。对词义的把握。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

J

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,soulless,毫无灵魂的。故选项J正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“ More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design”可知,多出的不一定是多余的,如果简单得太糟糕,其结果就是毫无灵魂的设计。

易错点

多出的不一定是多余的。对词义的把握。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

G

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,从选项中experiment最合适。故选项G正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“ Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again ”可知,后现代设计师开始再次对装修和颜色做试验。

易错点

experiment with,做试验。对词义的把握。

第(5)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,后面的oven,kettles提示可知。故选项C正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles ”可知,产品设计深受这个观点影响,从厨房用具可看出,例如炉子和壶子。

易错点

kitchen appliances,厨房用具。对词义的把握。

第(6)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

H

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,do what is intended。故选项H正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 ”可知,符合功能需要的产品最重要。

易错点

Fitness for purpose,功能效应。对词义的把握。

第(7)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,adjustable desk lamp,可调节书桌台灯。故选项B正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user.”可知,调节灯的材料应该耐温,能被用户调节。

易错点

adjustable,可调节的。对词义的把握。

第(8)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

F

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,从选项里direct最合适。故选项F正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.”可知,最重要的是,能够根据需求导光。

易错点

direct,导光,adj变v。对词义的把握。

第(9)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,take into account是词组。故选项A正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste”可知,他认为设计必须考虑到光,嗅觉,触觉和味觉的敏感度。

易错点

take into account,考虑到...。对词义的把握。

第(10)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

K

解析

根据上面的解题思路可知,spueeze the toothpaste,挤牙膏。故选项K正确。

考查方向

本题考查了对上下文的把握以及连贯性的把握。

解题思路

根据前一句“ we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.”可知,我们很喜欢样子酷酷的又能把牙膏挤到牙刷上的设备。

易错点

squeeze,挤。对词义的把握。

简答题(综合题) 本大题共54分。简答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
1
题型:简答题
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分值: 6分

(B)

Is there link between humans and climatechange or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then,many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997,the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere andset international limits for gas emissions(排放) from 2008 to 2012. Somecountries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently,the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit globalwarming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeplycountries cut carbon emissions.

 

 

 

 



70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.

Athe problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020

Bgas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countries

Cthe Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto Protocol

Dhumans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming

71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?

AThe human population would increase by one third.

BLittle over 50% of all species would still exist.

CNations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.

DThe Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.

72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.

A0.8℃

B1.5℃

C2℃

D3.5℃

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,答案选D。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第一段“ More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions”可知,全文是关于限制全球变暖来说的。

易错点

global warming,全球变暖。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,答案选D。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第二段“ even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastal cities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.”可知,及时减排达到目标,协议的最低目标也无法达到。

易错点

even if后面的句子是关键。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,找到关键数字,答案选B。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第四段“ This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking”可知,那些低于海平面的岛国想不被淹没最高气温控制在1.5℃。

易错点

even if后面的句子是关键。

1
题型:简答题
|
分值: 8分

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country’s busiest stations.

In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.

A xix-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.

According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.

A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”

Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.

The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.

In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up” escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.

(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?

79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?

80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.

81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up” escalators will be used for_________________.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

The majority of elevators haven’t been made full use of.

解析

本题属于文艺理解题,根据以上解题思路可知,目前的主要问题就是电梯未得到充分利用。

考查方向

本题考查了对文意的理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章原文“ According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.”可知,电梯大部分没有得到充分的利用。

易错点

文意理解不到位致错。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

It may not right that you can go quicker by standing still

解析

本题属于文艺理解题,根据以上解题思路可知,最后一年为期三周的实验可以证明的是站着不动对客流移动速度快慢的影响。

考查方向

本题考查了对文意的理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章原文“It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still”可知,站着不动未必能使客流移动更快。

易错点

文意理解不到位致错。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

18.5m

解析

本题属于文艺理解题,根据以上解题思路可知,电梯上的移动是否应该被禁止,和高度有关系。

考查方向

本题考查了对文意的理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章原文“Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.

”可知,18.5米以上的电梯上的移动应该被禁止。

易错点

文意理解不到位致错。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

standing only and a mix of walking and standing

解析

本题属于文艺理解题,根据以上解题思路可知,电梯上的移动是否应该被禁止,和高度有关系。

考查方向

本题考查了对文意的理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章原文“one of three “up” escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing”可知,另一个“up”还包括了“站立”以及“站立”和“走动”的混合。

易错点

文意理解不到位致错。

1
题型:简答题
|
分值: 8分

(A)

One early morning, I went into the livingroom to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was arousedonly by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.

  “Isit good?” I asked her.

  “Yeah,”she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leanedforward.

  “‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty?I wondered. The poem began:

She never puts hertoys away,

                  Just leaves them scattered① where they lay,…      ①散乱的

 

The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:

 

                     When she grows and gathers poise②,         ②稳重

                       I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise,         ③莽撞的

                       And look in vain④ for scattered toys.        ④徒劳地

And I’ll be sad.                 

 

  Aterrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then,the shock.

  “It’syou, honey,” My mother said sadly.

  Tomy mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up andleaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would besad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.

  “What’swrong?” my mother asked.

  “OhMama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”

  Shesmiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do,I’ll still love you, okay?”

  “Okay,”I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking aboutthat silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poemagain and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. Thelanguage was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet itwas still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that hadthe power to make or break a person’s world.

  Ihave since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem.After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poemthat lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.



66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?

AIt was a thick enough book.

BSomething on its cover caught her eye.

CHer mother was reading it with interest.

DIt has a meaningful title.

67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.

Asad

Bexcited

Chorrified

Dconfused

68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because______.

Ait reflected her own childhood

Bit was written in simple language

Cit was composed by a famous poet

Dit gave her a hint of what would happen

69. It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.

Adiscover the power of poetry

Brecognize her love for puzzles

Cfind her eagerness to grow up

Dexperience great homesickness

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,我的兴趣是因为醒目的封面,所以答案选B。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第一段“My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters”可知,我的兴趣被那个封面上的大的,红色字母写着的单词“Poems”勾起。

易错点

对于my interest was aroused重点词汇记忆模糊。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,最开始的心理是悲伤,所以答案选A。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第六段“ A terrible sorrow washed over me”可知,我最开始的心理是感到悲伤。

易错点

对于描述 “我”心理活动重点词汇顺序记忆模糊。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,这本书给母亲暗示会有事情发生,所以答案选D。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第三段“ There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too ”可知,母亲认为我也会喜欢的。

易错点

找到关键句。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,Potty Poem让我发现诗歌的力量,所以答案选A。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第十二段“ I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world. ”可知,我很喜欢诗歌传达的意思,字字句句都能打动人心。

易错点

power,力量。对词义的理解。

1
题型:简答题
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分值: 10分

(C) 

Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.

The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.

“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.

It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.

Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.

Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.

Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.

The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.

73. What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?

ALegal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.

BWarnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.

CGuidelines on how to use social media websites properly.

DInsignificant data collected by social media firms.

74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.

Asocial media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme

Bpeople would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think

Ca kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale

Dthe kitemark would help companies develop their business models

75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.

Atheir users consist largely of kids under 20 years old

Bthe language in their contracts is usually harder to understand

Cthe information they collected could become more valuable in future

Dit remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of

76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.

Athink carefully before posting anything onto such websites

Bread the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemark

Ctake no further action if they can find a kitemark

Davoid providing too much personal information

77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

ASay no to social media?

BNew security rules in operation?

CAccept without reading?

DAdministration matters!

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,找到关键句子,答案选A。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第二段“ The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions”可知,科学技术委员会批评公司让人签署的又长又不清楚的合同。

易错点

通过一至三段知道现在社会媒体公司的合同。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,实际上人们并不是如别人想的那样特别关心认证标记,答案选B。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第五段“ We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says. ”可知,人们担心他们的信息被不正当使用,但实际发生的事又是另一个回事。

易错点

找到Nigel Shadbolt说话的句子,分析。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,人们仍然不知道用户的数据将被怎么用,答案选D。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第四段“ It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller. ”可知,人们不知道谁将管理这个体制,UK政府正在自愿的基础上引导这事。

易错点

找到Andrew Miller说话的句子,分析。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,作者建议用户签合同前仔细看下上面的条款,答案选B。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章第六段“ Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new”可知,用户在签署合同时往往不看也不明白上面写什么。

易错点

找到说话的句子,分析。

第(5)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C

解析

本题属于细节题,根据以上解题思路可知,作者建议用户签合同前仔细看下上面的条款,答案选C。

考查方向

本题考查了对考纲重点词汇的记忆和理解。

解题思路

事实细节题。根据文章通篇,可知,用户在签署合同时往往不看也不明白上面写什么。

易错点

分析每段写的中心。

1
题型:简答题
|
分值: 22分

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

82.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。(hope)

83. 二十世纪末中国经济迅速发展。(witness)

84. 为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗?(point)

85. 虽然当时我年幼,不理解这部电影的含义,但我记得我的家人都感动得落泪了。(too…to…)

86. 我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。(The moment…)

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday.

解析

“I really hope”为句子主干。“be published in a newspaper 见报”。

考查方向

本题考查了词汇记忆及句型的掌握。

解题思路

本句主干为“我希望…”后面的部分为宾语从句。“见报”就是“被出版”之意。

易错点

词汇记忆不准。

第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China’s economy.

解析

“The late twentieth century”为句子主干,“witness v.见证”为句子谓语。

考查方向

本题考查对句意的整理和信息的对接。

解题思路

本句主干为“二十世纪末见证了中国的快速发展”。

易错点

句意转化不到位。

第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

What is the point of/in lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes? / Is there any point (in) lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?

解析

“What is the point fo doing sth.”为句子主干,”line up v.排队”。

考查方向

本题考查对固定句型的记忆。

解题思路

本句主干为“...有意义吗”?

易错点

固定句型记忆不熟悉。

第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film, I remember my family

were moved to tears.

解析

“too young to understand ”为句子主干,“be moved to tears 感动的落泪”

考查方向

本题考查常用词组含义的记忆及运用。

解题思路

本句主干为“too…to…”,意为“太…而不能…”。

易错点

常见词组记忆不熟悉。

第(5)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy.

解析

“be filled with joy”意为“充满了喜悦”。

考查方向

本题考查对固定句型的记忆。

解题思路

“The moment…”为本句重点,意为“一…”

易错点

固定句型记忆不熟悉。

书面表达 本大题共25分。
1
题型:简答题
|
分值: 25分

87.Guided Writing

 Directions:  Write an English compositionin 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

   假设你是中华中学学生姚平,最近参加了一项研究性学习调研,课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母,结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异(数据如图所示)。根据图表写一份报告,在报告中,你必须:

描述调研数据;分析可能导致这一结果的原因。



正确答案

I am a middle schools student from Zhonghua middle school. I recently joined a survey conducted by our school on the topic “whether the parents are proud of their children or not”. And the resultf from both sides differs greatly according to our survey.

As you can see from our survey result displayed above. Eighty percent of the parents in our survey think they are proud of their children. While on the other hand, there are only sixty percent of the students in our survey think their parents are proud of them, which gives us the space to discover why there is such a difference between the parents and the sudetns.

The question is the same while the answers are totally different between them. It’s not difficult for us to conclude that the parents are proud of their children but that pride is not well received by their kids, which is obvious for the parents to improve their way to communicate with their children and show their love to their kids with a much more direct and efficient way.

解析

根据材料中提供的要点信息,正文写成一段即可。学生可联系生活,做出自己理解。

解题思路

本题属于看图作文。主要人称为第一人称,基本时态以一般现在时为主。注意使用高级词汇和句式,以增加文章的亮点。参考词汇和短语:a recent research shows us that; from their point of view; as long as you can see等可以让文章成为一个整体,更为流畅。with,if等连词以及which引导的定语从句和句式spend time doing等使句式多样、文章更加连贯。

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