2020年高考真题 英语 (全国I卷)
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简答题(综合题) 本大题共80分。简答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
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题型:简答题
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分值: 7.5分

C

As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line (CE) or September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry For would build fifteen million of them.

Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American- going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never- ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.

In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage." Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.zxx.k

The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.

The problems of excessive (过度的) energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.

Friedman points out that the green economy (经济 ) is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”

28. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?

ATo explain Americans love for travelling by car.

BTo show the influence of cars on American culture.

CTo stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.

DTo praise the effectiveness of America' s road system.

29. What has the use of cars in America led to?

ADecline of economy.

BEnvironmental problems.

CA shortage of oil supply .

DA farm-based society.

30. What is Friedman's attitude towards America's future?

AAmbiguous.

BDoubtful.

CHopeful.

DTolerant.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B
第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

B
第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C
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题型:简答题
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分值: 15分

56.阅读下⾯材料,在空⽩处填⼊适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.MakingChinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners    57    cometo China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap     58    canbe to eat out.I still remember

59    (visit)a friend who'd lived here for five years and I   60    (shock) when I learnt she had n't

cooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to   61    (become) common for many young people in

recent years, it'snot without a cost.The obvious one is money, eating outonce or twice a week maybe62       (afford) but doing this most days addsup.There could bean even63 (high)

cost on your health.Researchers have foundthat there is a direct link between the increase in food

eaten outside the home and the rise in     64    (weigh)problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you goto your mum's home65       dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You mightalso begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.



正确答案

56.dishes57.who/that   58.it59.visiting      60.was shocked

61.have become    62.affordable  63.higher       64.weight       65.for

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题型:简答题
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分值: 7.5分

阅读下列短文,从每题所给出的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。

A

In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was bom, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century- most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719-

but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like“By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.

In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters- from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim- were held up as moral touchoustones.Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂)of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.

How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences

from all walks of life. It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it' s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible- and important for our own culture- to understand how he made himself a lasting one.

21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?

AThey were difficult to understand.

BThey were popular among the rich.

CThey were seen as nearly worthless.

DThey were written mostly by women.

22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress

Ahis reputation in France

Bhis interest in modern art

Chis success in publication

Dhis importance in literature

23. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?

ATo remember a great Wvriter.

BTo introduce an English novel.

CTo encourage studies on culture.

DTo promote values of the Victorian age.

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

C
第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D
第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A
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题型:简答题
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分值: 10分

B

Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he'san environmental scientist who studies howto reduce litter, including things that falloff garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

Americans use more than 100 billionth in film plastic bags every year.So many end up in

tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts( 收 银 台 ) .The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers'argument:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags maybe ugly to look at, they representa small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.z.x.xk

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusable

shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out.However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bagmustbeusedatleast13l times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑)these points.They hope paper bags will be banned

someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

24.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?

AHelp increase grocery sales

BRecycle the waste material.

CStop things falling off trucks.

DArgue for the use of plastic bags.

25.What does the word“headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?

ABans on plastic bags.

BEffects of city development.

CHeadaches caused by garbage.

DPlastic bags hung in trees.

26.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?

AThey are quite expensive.

BReplacing them can be difficult.

CThey are less strong than plastic bags.

DProducing them requires more energy.

27.What is the best title for the text?

APlastic.Paper or Neither

BIndustry,Pollution and Environment

CRecycle or ThrowAway

DGarbage Collection and Waste Control

第(1)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D
第(2)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A
第(3)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

D
第(4)小题正确答案及相关解析

正确答案

A
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题型:简答题
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分值: 10分

31.根据短⽂内容,从短⽂后的选项中选出能填⼊空⽩处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience.Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood.the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.

____31_____

Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat,clean,and in good repair.    ___32_    .By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.

Second,take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously.When going for a walk.

Take a small garbage bag    ___33___.    This small act will let your neighbors know that you care

about the area.

___34___    If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers.

If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping.Let them know you are there to help in anyway this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.

___35____.By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general,you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.

A.In general,keep an eye on their property while they are gone.

B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.

C.Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior. 

D.Sometimes neighbors may goto the supermarket together to do shopping. 

E.Should you come across wastepaper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.

F.People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.

G.Here area few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.

正确答案

31-35 GFEBC

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题型:简答题
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分值: 30分

36.We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it    36    to have too much?

I    37    back in highschool I spent most of my day at school since  I also    38    a team

sport.By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it 39

When I got into college, things    40.I suddenly found myself out of class before noontime.Because of all    this            41        there was no sense of    42    to do my school work immediately.I was performing this action of waiting until it later became        43    .Once that happened, I just kept        44    my studying further and further back in my day.Then I got to the point where I was_  45    really late at night to get my work alone.

One day I    46    a former classmate of mine who was    47    alot of money running a

sideline(副业) .Since his regular job was    48    _, I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline

fulltime.He said without the job, he would    49    have too much time and would just do what

I did back in    50    .He said that if he  51    the job, he would lose his 52 to work and  succeed

So, try    53    your tine with other work.This is why there is a    54    that if you want

something done, ask a    55    person to do it.

36.A.tue  B.fair       C.strange       D.possible

37.A.remember B.admit C.understand D.expect

38.A.watched B.loved.  C.Coached D.played

39.A.al last     B.right away   C.of course    D.mattered

40.A.happendB.repeated     C, changedD.mattered

41.A.extra       B.difficult.       C.valuable      D.limited

42.A.duty       B.achievement      C.urgency      D.direction

43.A.burden   B.relief    C.risk      D.habit

44.A.pushing  B.taking  C.settingD.calling

45.A.hanging out  B.staying up   C.jogging round   D.showing off

46.A.metB.helpedC.treated        D.hired

47.A.raising    B.wasting       c.demanding         D.making

48.A.safe  B.important              C.boring        D.rewarding

49.A.luckily     B.hardly  C.hopefully           D.simply

50.A.childhood      B.collegeC.town    D.business

51.A.quitB.found  C.accepted     D.kept

52.A.heart      B.chanceC.drive    D.way

53.A.saving    B.fillingup     C.giving up    D.trading

54.A.messageB.story    C.sayingD.fact

55.A.careful    B.busy    C.reliableD.kind

 



正确答案

36-40 DADBC 41-45 ACDAB 46-50 ADCDB 51-55 ACBCB

书面表达 本大题共15分。
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题型:简答题
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分值: 15分

66.第⼀节    应⽤⽂写作(满分15分)

假定你是李华,你校英语协会招聘志愿者,接待来访的国外中学⽣。请你写信应聘,内容包括:

1.⼝语能⼒:

2.相关经验;

3.应聘⽬的。

注意:

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使⾏⽂连贯。



正确答案


书面表达 本大题共25分。
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题型:简答题
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分值: 25分

67.第⼆节    读后续写(满分25分)

阅读下⾯短⽂,根据所给情节进⾏续写,使之构成⼀个完整的故事。

It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.

We took a plane to Albuquerque,a big city in the state of New Mexico.We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon.Uncle Paul, my dad's friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.

His wife Tina cooked usa delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle.My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farmhouse listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. "The day starts at dawn on my farm, "he said.After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens.while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze( 吃 草 ) .I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.

In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a hose ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me.I was n't going to take a horse ride by myself anyway.So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains."Don't be late for supper, "Uncle Paul cried, "and keep to the track so that you don't get lost!""OK!"my dad cried back.After awhile Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight.It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene.It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.

注意:

1.所续写短⽂的词数应为150左右;

2.⾄少使⽤5个短⽂中标有下划线的关键词语:

3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语⼰为你写好;

4.续写完成后,请⽤下划线标出你所使⽤的关键词语。



正确答案


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