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Tyler was born infected with HIV and his mother was also infected.From the very beginning of his life,he was dependent on medications (药物) to enable him to survive.When he was five,he had a tube surgically(外科手术上) inserted in a vein（静脉）in his chest.This tube was connected to a pump,which he carried in a small backpack on his back.Medications were connected to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times,he also needed supplemented oxygen to support his breathing.

Tyler wasn't willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease.It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard,wearing his backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon（小推车）.All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him.Tyler's mom often made jokes on him by telling him that he moved so fast she needed to dress him in red. That way,when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard,she could quickly spot him.

This terrible disease eventually wore him down.He grew quite ill and,unfortunately,so did his HIV-infected mother.When it became clear that he wasn't going to survive,Tyler's mom talked to him about death.She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too,and that she would be with him soon in heaven.

A few days before his death,Tyler beckoned(召唤) me over to his hospital bed and whispered,"I might die soon. I'm not scared.When I die,please dress me in red.Mom promised she's coming to heaven,too.I'll be playing when she gets there,and I want to make sure she can find me."

【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了主人公Tyler自出生时就患有严重的疾病，随时都有可能死亡，但是他在母亲的鼓励下积极乐观的生活，即使病重也要参与生活中的一切活动。最后死的时候还无比乐观。

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mandarin(普通话)Chinese is the most bd blank(use) non-European language for children to learn,UK parents believe. It will boost (促进) their children’s career prospects (前景),according to 51% of parents,while 56% felt it would open their children’s minds bd blank an “exciting and dynamic” culture.Arabic and Japanese, bd blank．were both picked by 14% of parents,were the other key non-European languages.The figures were gained after 1,138 UK adults with children aged under 18 bd blank (be) questioned in a survey bd blank (conduct) by the Mandarin Excellence Programme (MEP).

French,Spanish and German were the top choices overall for young people in the UK bd blank (learn) after being picked by 57%,54% and 40% of parents respectively.

Mark Herbet,of the British Council,said: “With the global economy bd blank (become) more interconnected and the drive to boost exports,language skills are increasingly important for work and life.Mandarin Chinese is one of the bd blank (language) that matter most to the UK’s future prosperity (繁荣).If the UK is to remain competitive on the world stage,we need far more of our young people leaving school with a good grasp of Mandarin in order to bd blank (success) work abroad or for businesses here in the UK.Learning Mandarin is also a fascinating process that brings bd blank valuable understanding of Chinese culture.”

The MEP aims to help at least 5,000 young people in England to speak fluent Mandarin Chinese by 2020.

51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，下文就是你同桌的一篇作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Now I’d like to share with you a strange experience I had a month before.It may sound funny,and it’s true.After a day’s hard work I went to bed early than usual.It was about two o’clock in the morning,and suddenly I woke up.I heard a noise.I got out of bed and went slow downstairs.I listened carefully.I could heard two men speaking quietly.I believed two thieves had broken into my house and I was really frightened,so I went back to upstairs,and immediately phone the police from my bedroom.The police arrived quickly.They opened front door with a special key and went into the living room.You can imagine what embarrassed I was when they came upstairs and told me we had turned the television off for me and everything was all right.

We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively.We achieve it actively by direct experience,by testing and proving an idea,or by reasoning.

We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else.Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.Conditioned as we are to passive learning,it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co–workers.

Unfortunately,passive learning has a serious problem.It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay（传闻）and rumor.

Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone.Then the person whispers it,word for word,to another person.That person,in turn,whispers it to still another, and so on,through all the people playing the game.The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it.Then the two written statements are compared.Typically,the original message has changed.

That’s what happens in daily life.The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then,too,most people listen imperfectly.And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story,trying to improve on it,stamping it with their own personal style.Yet those who hear it think they know.

This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as fact by another,who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue,unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

【语篇导读】本文介绍了积极学习和消极学习，区分了什么是积极学习，什么是消极学习。并用实例说明了消极学习存在的问题。

Four great railway journeys

Travelling by rail holds a romantic and old-fashioned appeal that can’t be matched by flying or driving.By taking the slow route,you get to experience and interact with an area in a completely different way.

The Rocky Mountaineer

Where: Canada,from Vancouver to Banff,Jasper and Calgary.

When: In June,which is springtime in the Rockies,complete with blooming flowers and abundant wildlife.

Duration: between two and eight days,travelling only in daylight,staying in luxury hotels.

Highlights: Splendid views of Rocky mountains,incredible luxury at every stage of the trip,traditional native storytelling,wine classes and natural history workshop.

The Chepe

Where: Mexico.It begins its journey in the mountains of Chihuahua and finishes on the Sinaloa coast.

When: In the rainy season,from June to October,you’ll get lush vegetation(丰富的植被) and blooming cacti(仙人掌),although mid-summer (July) temperatures can reach 44 °C.

Duration: Doing the route straight through takes 14 hours,but you’ll want to stop off overnight and explore traditional towns along the way.

Highlights: The train winds its way down through 656 km of the spectacular Copper Canyon (which is deeper than the Grand Canyon),over 37 precarious-looking bridges and through 86 tunnels.Local people sell crafts and foods along the route.

The Ghan

Where: Australia,from Adelaide to Darwin via Alice Springs.

When: Going during the wet season (December,January) will allow you to see more wildlife and tropical splendour in the north,though peak season is usually the winter.

Duration: Going straight through takes 52 hours.There are disembarkation points（登陆点）from which you can take tours.

Highlights: Going through Australia’s Red Centre with cobalt-blue skies,red earth and not much else – a beautiful and serene（宁静的）experience.

The Royal Scotsman

Where: Travels around the Scottish Highlands or all the way around Great Britain.

When: Warmer weather and up to 20 hours of daylight in June makes it the perfect time to watch ospreys soaring (鱼鹰飞翔)over mirror-like lochs（湖）,or go in October for autumn colours and the rather vocal stag-rutting season.

Duration: Trips can be as short as two days or as long as seven.Highlights: Possibly the most expensive train journey in the world.You’ll be treated like a member of the monarchy（皇室）.Indulgent（放纵的）cuisine,fine wines and carriages that look like rooms at Balmoral Castle await those willing to part with a minimum of £2350 per person for a two-night trip.

【语篇导读】文章介绍四个好的乘坐铁路旅行的路线，并详细介绍了各个路线的地点地点，游览时间和旅游看点。